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Clasp arm water wheel- a timber wheel built up on a circular frame consisting of two pairs of parallel spokes enclosing the axle at right angles. Compass arm water wheel- a timber wheel with radiating spokes mortised to the axle. The arms pass through the shaft and are interlocked together to provide more strength in the water wheel when it is turning. High breast shot water wheel- a (elbow) bucket water wheel in which the water fills or strikes the buckets above the axle of the water wheel shaft. Hybrid water wheel-an iron hub that simply slides over the wooden shaft and there was no need to cut arm slot holes through the shaft that would cause rot and decay inside of the shaft. The next stage was the replacement of the wooden shaft with an iron shaft that had iron hubs onto which a conventional wooden water wheel was bolted to the iron hubs. Then later wooden elbow buckets and drum boards were built on an all of the metal work of the water wheels is of steel construction. This would mean metal hubs, shaft, arms and bucket shrouds or rim boards. It should be noted that, due to the expense of making such a wheel, they are very rare and only used when no other wheel is practicle. Noria water wheels- are huge wooden water wheels, known as norias, which scoop water from rivers and deposit it into aqueducts, which can then supply holds, cotholds, animal outbuildings, and privvies. They are a form of undershot water wheel and clay pots are attached to the rim of the water wheels. Tub water wheel- a horizontal water wheel mounted in a tub, constructed of wooden blades, the water enters from a tube or chute, at an angle striking the wheel, which then rotates in a horizontal plane. Vertical water wheel- a mill with a vertical mounted water wheel on a horizontally mounted axle. The undershot, breast shot and over shot are the forms of this type of water wheel. Sources : http://www.rosneath.com.au/ipc6/ch08/shannon/ http://www.angelfire.com/journal/millbuilder/terms.html The following is a web page for a local attraction that I visited and obtained much of my information. They have a fantastic representation of a working mill there. |